Egypt: The ancient city of Memphis (00:01:46)
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Egypt: The ancient city of Memphis Memphis was the ancient capital of Aneb-Hetch, the first nome of Lower Egypt. Its ruins are located near the town of Helwan, south of Cairo. According to legend related by Manetho, the city was founded by the pharaoh Menes around 3000 BC. Capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom, it remained an important city throughout ancient Mediterranean history.[1][2][3] It occupied a strategic position at the mouth of the Nile delta, and was home to feverish activity. Its principal port, Peru-nefer, harboured a high density of workshops, factories, and warehouses that distributed food and merchandise throughout the ancient kingdom. During its golden age, Memphis thrived as a regional centre for commerce, trade, and religion. Memphis was believed to be under the protection of the god Ptah, the patron of craftsmen. Its great temple, Hout-ka-Ptah (meaning "Castle of the ka of Ptah"), was one of the most prominent structures in the city. The name of this temple, rendered in Greek as Aί γυ πτoς (Ai-gy-ptos) by the historian Manetho, is believed to be the etymological origin of the modern English name Egypt. The history of Memphis is closely linked to that of the country itself. Its eventual downfall is believed to be due to the loss of its economical significance in late antiquity, following the rise of coastal Alexandria. Its religious significance also diminished after the abandonment of the ancient religion following the Edict of Thessalonica. The ruins of the former capital today offer fragmented evidence of its magnificent past. They have been preserved, along with the pyramid complex at Giza, as a World Heritage Site since 1979. The site is open to the public as an open-air museum.

Keywords:

Pharaoh grave statue shop pillar bazaar travell ruined temple hieroglyphic writing egyptian culture pylons ancient Egypt Memphis god Amun Obelisk tourist spectacle Sphinx holiday Egypt museum chapels

Arabic :

مصر، ممفيس، الدعامة، وأبو الهول، والثقافة المصرية، والمصليات، أبراج، فرعون، دمر معبد، مصر القديمة، الله آمون، هيروجليفيك كتابة، المسلة، القبر، تمثال، متحف، ترافيل، عطلة، السياحة مشهد، البازار، وتذكارات،,

Bulgarian :

Египет, Мемфис, стълб, сфинкс, египетската култура, параклиси, пилони, Фараон, разрушен Храм, древен Египет, Бог Амон, йероглифи, писане, обелиск, гроба, статуя, музей, заплащането, празник, туристически спектакъл, базар, Магазин, ,

Catalan :

Egipte, Memphis, Pilar, l'Esfinx, cultura egípcia, capelles, pilones, faraó, ruïnes de temple, antic Egipte, Déu Amon, escriptura, Obelisc, tomba, estàtua, Museu, Travel, festa, espectacle turístic del jeroglífic, bazaar, botiga, ,

Chinese Simplified :

埃及、 孟菲斯、 支柱、 狮身人面像、 埃及文化、 教堂、 铁塔，法老，被破坏的寺庙，古埃及，太阳神阿蒙，象形文字的文字，方尖石塔，墓、 雕像、 博物馆、 旅行、 度假、 旅游景观、 集市、 商店，,

Chinese Traditional :

埃及、 孟菲斯、 支柱、 獅身人面像、 埃及文化、 教堂、 鐵塔，法老，被破壞的寺廟，古埃及，太陽神阿蒙，表意字元的文字，方尖石塔，墓、 雕像、 博物館、 旅行、 度假、 旅遊景觀、 集市、 商店，,

Czech :

Egypt, Memphis, pilíř, sfinga, egyptská kultura, kaplí, stožárů, faraon, Zničený chrám, Starověký Egypt, Boha Amona, hieroglyf psaní, Obelisk, hrob, socha, muzeum, travell, rekreační, turistické podívaná, bazar, obchod, ,

Danish :

Egypten, Memphis, søjle, sphinx, egyptiske kultur, kapeller, pyloner, Farao, ødelagt templet, Egypten, gud Amon, hieroglyffer skriver, Obelisk, grav, statue, museum, travell, ferie, turist skue, bazaar, butik, ,

Dutch :

Egypte, Memphis, pijler, sphinx, Egyptische cultuur, kapellen, pylonen, farao, geruïneerde tempel, Egypte, god Amon, hiëroglifisch schrijven, Obelisk, graf, standbeeld, museum, travell, vakantie, toeristische spektakel, bazaar, winkel, ,

Estonian :

Egiptus, Memphis, samba, sfinks, Egiptuse kultuur, kabelid, tornmastid, vaarao, hävitanud tempel, vana-Egiptuse Jumal Amon, hieroglyphic kirjutamine, Obelisk, haud, statue, muuseum, przebiegliśmy, puhkus, turismi etendus, bazaar, kauplus, ,

Finnish :

Egypti, Memphis, pilari, sfinksi, Egyptin kulttuuri, kappelit, Ristikkopylväät, Faraon, tuhonnut temppelin, muinaisen Egyptin Jumala Amun, hieroglyfinen kirjallisesti, obeliski, hautaan, patsas, museo, matkaa, loma, Matkailu spektaakkeli, bazaar, kauppa, ,

French :

Égypte, Memphis, pilier, sphinx, la culture égyptienne, chapelles, pylônes, Pharaon, temple en ruines, Egypte ancienne, le dieu Amon, hiéroglyphique écriture, Obélisque, tombe, statue, Musée, travell, vacances, spectacle touristique, Bazar, boutique, ,

German :

Ägypten, Memphis, Säule, Sphinx, ägyptische Kultur, Kapellen, Pylonen, Pharao, zerstörten Tempel, Altägypten, Gott Amun, Hieroglyphen schreiben, Obelisk, Grab, Statue, Museum, Travell, Urlaub, Tourist-Spektakel, Basar, Shop, ,

Greek :

Αιγύπτου, Μέμφιδα, πυλώνα, Σφίγγα, αιγυπτιακό πολιτισμό, παρεκκλήσια, πυλώνες, Φαραώ, ερειπωμένο ναό, αρχαία Αίγυπτο, Θεού Αμμωνα, ιερογλυφική γραφή, οβελίσκος, τάφος, άγαλμα, Μουσείο, travell, διακοπές, τουριστικό θέαμα, παζάρι, κατάστημα, ,

Haitian Creole :

Peyi Lejip la, Menmfis, poto, devinèt, kilti moun peyi Lejip, chapelles, pylône, farawon an, detwi tanp lan, ansyen peyi Lejip la, Bondye, Amun, avec ki ekri ", grav, estati, mize, travell, jou fèt, touris program, -, boutik, ,

Hebrew :

מצרים, ממפיס, עמוד, ספינקס, בתרבות המצרית, קפלות, העמודים, פרעה, מקדש, מצרים העתיקה, האל אמון, hieroglyphic כתיבה, האובליסק, הקבר, פסל, מוזיאון, טרוול, נופש, תיירות מחזה, הבזאר, חנות, ,

Hindi :

मिस्र, मेम्फिस, स्तम्भ, स्फिंक्स, मिस्री संस्कृति, chapels, pylons, फिरौन, बर्बाद मंदिर, प्राचीन मिस्र, भगवान Amun, hieroglyphic लेखन, ओबिलिस्क, कब्र, प्रतिमा, संग्रहालय, travell, छुट्टी, पर्यटक तमाशा, बाजार, दुकान, ,

Hungarian :

Egyiptom, Memphis, pillér, Szfinx, egyiptomi kultúra, kápolnák, pylons, fáraó, romos templom, ókori Egyiptom, Isten Amun, írás, obeliszk, sír, szobor, Múzeum, utazási, ünnep, turista látvány, a titokzatos, bazár, bolt, ,

Indonesian :

Mesir, Memphis, tiang, sphinx, budaya Mesir, Kapel, pylons, Firaun, Kuil hancur, Mesir kuno, Tuhan Amun, hieroglifik menulis, Obelisk, makam, patung, museum, perjalanan, liburan, wisata tontonan, bazaar, Ruko, ,

Italian :

Egitto, Memphis, pilastro, Sfinge, cultura egiziana, cappelle, piloni, faraone, rovine del tempio, antico Egitto, dio Amon, geroglifico, scrittura, Obelisco, tomba, statua, Museo, travell, vacanze, spettacolo turistico, bazar, negozio, ,

Japanese :

エジプト、メンフィス、柱、スフィンクス、エジプトの文化、チャペル、パイロン、ファラオは、台無しにされた寺院、古代エジプト象形文字を書く、オベリスク、墓、彫像、博物館、トラベル、休日、観光光景アメン神、お店、バザー,

Korean :

이집트, 멤피스, 기둥, 스핑크스, 이집트 문화, 교회, pylons, 파라오, 망된 사원, 고 대 이집트 신 아 문, 쓰기, 오 벨 리스크, 무덤, 동상, 박물관, travell, 휴일, 관광 광경 상형, 바 자가 게, ,

Latvian :

Ēģipte, Memphis, balsts, sfinksa, Ēģiptes kultūru, kapelas, piloni, faraons, izpostītu templis, Senajā Ēģiptē, Dievs Amunu, hieroglifu rakstiski, obelisks, kapa, statuja, muzejs, travell, atpūtas, tūrisma briļļu, bazārs veikals, ,

Lithuanian :

Egiptas, Memphis, ramstis, sphinx, Egipto kultūra, koplyčių, pilonai, Faraonas, sugriauta šventykla, senovės Egipto Dievas Amun, hieroglyphic raštu, obeliskas, kapo, statula, muziejus, žvejyba, poilsio, turizmo spektaklis, turgus, parduotuvė, ,

Norwegian :

Egypt, Memphis, søyle, sphinx, egyptiske kulturen, kapeller, Master, Farao, ødelagt tempelet, gamle Egypt, Gud Amun, hieroglyfiske skriver, Runetårn, grav, statue, museum, travell, ferie, turist opptog, bazaar, butikk, ,

Polish :

Egipt, Memphis, filar, Sfinks, egipskiej kultury, kaplice, pylony, Faraon, ruiny świątyni, starożytnego Egiptu, boga Amona, hieroglificzne, pisanie, Obelisk, grób, statua, Muzeum, travell, wakacje, spektakl turystycznych, bazar, sklep, ,

Portuguese :

Egito, Memphis, pilar, Esfinge, cultura egípcia, capelas, postes, Faraó, templo arruinado, Egito antigo, Deus Amon, hieróglifo escrevendo, Obelisco, sepultura, estátua, Museu, travell, férias, espetáculo de turista, bazar, loja, ,

Romanian :

Egipt, Memphis, pilon, Sfinxul, cultura egipteană, capele, stâlpi, Faraon, Templul ruinat, Egiptul antic, Dumnezeu Amun, hieroglific scris, Obeliscul, mormânt, statuia, Muzeul, travell, vacanţă, turist spectacol, Bazar, magazin, ,

Russian :

Египет, Мемфис, столб, Сфинкс, египетская культура, часовни, пилоны, фараон, разрушенный храм, Древний Египет, Бог Амон, иероглифическое написание, обелиск, могила, памятник, музей, travell, праздник, спектакль туристические, базар, магазин, ,

Slovak :

Egypt, Memphis, pilier, Sfinga, Egyptská kultúra, kaplniek, stožiare, faraón, zničený chrám, starovekého Egypta, Boh Amun, hieroglyfické písanie, Obelisk, hrob sochu, múzeum, chodzou, dovolenka, cestovná podívaná, bazár, Obchod, ,

Slovenian :

Egipt Memphis, steber, Sfinga, egipčanske kulture, kapele, stebrov, Faraon, uničil tempelj, antični Egipt, Bog Amun, hieroglyphic pisanje, Obelisk, grob, kip, muzej, travell, počitnice, turistična spektakel, bazar, trgovina, ,

Spanish :

Egipto, Memphis, Pilar, Esfinge, la cultura egipcia, capillas, Torres de alta tensión, Faraón, templo en ruinas, antiguo Egipto, Dios Amón, escritura, Obelisco, tumba, estatua, Museo, travell, vacaciones, espectáculo turístico jeroglífica, Bazar, tienda, ,

Swedish :

Egypten, Memphis, pelare, Sfinxen, Egyptiska kulturen, kapell, pyloner, farao, förstörda tempel, antika Egypten, Gud Amun, hieroglyphic handstil, Obelisken, grav, staty, museum, travell, semester, turist skådespel, bazaar, butik, ,

Thai :

อียิปต์ เมมฟิส เสา สฟิงซ์ วัฒนธรรมอียิปต์ chapels, pylons ฟาโรห์ เจ๊งวัด อียิปต์โบราณ พระอมุ hieroglyphic เขียน เที่ยว ศพ รูปปั้น พิพิธภัณฑ์ travell ฮอลิเดย์ ปรากฏการณ์การท่องเที่ยว ตลาด ร้านค้า,

Turkish :

Mısır, Memphis, ayağı, Sfenks, Mısır kültürü, şapeller, direkler, Firavun, harap Tapınak, eski Mısır, Tanrı Amun, hiyeroglif yazılı, Dikilitaş, mezar, heykel, müze, travell, tatil, turist gözlük, çarşı, Dükkanı, ,

Ukrainian :

Єгипет, Мемфіс, стовп, Сфінкс, єгипетські культуру, каплиць, пілони фараона, зруйнованого храму, стародавнього Єгипту, Бог Амона, ієрогліфом письмовій формі, Обеліск, могилу, статуя, музей, колеса, відпочинок, туристичні видовище, базар, магазин, ,

Vietnamese :

Ai Cập, Memphis, cột, nhân sư, văn hóa Ai Cập, nhà nguyện, giá treo vũ khí, Pharaoh, hủy hoại temple, Ai Cập cổ đại, thần Amun, hieroglyphic viết, Obelisk, ngôi mộ, tượng, bảo tàng, travell, kỳ nghỉ, cảnh tượng du lịch, bazaar, tặng, ,